SLCO1B1 (Solute Carrier Organic Anion Transporter 1B1) is an essential gene in the field of pharmacogenetics due to its role in drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Predominantly expressed in the liver, the SLCO1B1 gene encodes the OATP1B1 protein, which facilitates the hepatic uptake of various endogenous compounds and drugs, including statins used to lower cholesterol